Fibromyalgia is a chronic disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, often described as a constant dull ache that persists for at least three months. The pain occurs on both sides of the body and extends above and below the waist. In addition to pain, fibromyalgia is associated with several other symptoms:

1. Fatigue: People with fibromyalgia often wake up feeling tired, despite having slept for extended periods. Pain frequently disrupts their sleep, and they may also experience other sleep disorders like restless legs syndrome and sleep apnea.

2. Cognitive Difficulties: A phenomenon known as “fibro fog” impairs focus, attention, and concentration on mental tasks.

3. Mood Issues: Fibromyalgia can affect mood, leading to anxiety and depression.

Researchers believe that fibromyalgia amplifies painful sensations by altering the way the brain and spinal cord process pain signals. It can be triggered by various factors, including physical trauma, surgery, infections, or significant psychological stress. While there is no cure for fibromyalgia, medications can help manage symptoms, and lifestyle measures such as exercise, relaxation, and stress reduction may also be beneficial12.

 

Causes of Fibromyalgia:

• Genetics: Certain gene mutations are responsible for this condition, and it tends to run in families.

• Infection: Prior infections can trigger fibromyalgia and worsen the symptoms.

• Physical or Emotional Trauma: People with a history of physical or emotional trauma can develop this condition.

• Stress: Prolonged stress can also be a triggering factor.

Complications of Fibromyalgia: If left untreated, complications may include:

• Persistent Pain and Fatigue: These symptoms can significantly impact daily life and work.

• Sleep Problems: Fibromyalgia disrupts sleep patterns, leading to fatigue and cognitive difficulties.

Diagnosis: There is no single diagnostic test for fibromyalgia. Doctors typically diagnose it based on symptoms. The criteria include widespread pain lasting at least three months without any other underlying disease. Blood tests and other investigations help rule out other conditions.

 

Treatment Options: The main focus of treatment is to reduce pain and improve quality of life. Treatment includes:

• Medication: Analgesics (such as ibuprofen and acetaminophen), antidepressants (like duloxetine and milnacipran), and antiseizure drugs (such as gabapentin and pregabalin).

• Therapy: Physical therapy, occupational therapy, and counseling.

• Lifestyle Changes: Regular exercise, adequate sleep, stress reduction techniques, and a balanced diet.

Self-Care Measures:

• Exercise Regularly

• Get Enough Sleep

• Reduce Emotional and Mental Stress

• Maintain a Healthy Weight

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You must come to a Pain Clinic for proper treatment of fibromyalgia. Dr Chinmoy Roy is available at Rajarhat Pain clinic, newtown, Kolkata