Whiplash syndrome is a neck injury caused by sudden, forceful back-and-forth movement of the neck, akin to the cracking of a whip. While it’s commonly associated with rear-end car accidents, other traumas—such as sports injuries, physical abuse, or falls—can also lead to whiplash. Let’s delve into the specifics:

1. Symptoms:

   • Neck Pain and Stiffness: The hallmark symptom of whiplash.

   • Worsening Pain with Neck Movement: Any attempt to move the neck exacerbates the discomfort.

   • Loss of Range of Motion in the Neck: Difficulty turning or tilting the head.

   • Headaches, often originating at the base of the skull.

   • Tenderness or Pain in the Shoulder, Upper Back, or Arms.

   • Tingling or Numbness in the Arms.

   • Fatigue.

   • Dizziness.

   • Additional Symptoms:

     • Blurred Vision.

     • Ringing in the Ears (Tinnitus).

     • Sleep Disturbances.

     • Irritability.

     • Difficulty Concentrating.

     • Memory Problems.

     • Depression.

2. Causes:

   • Auto Accidents: Rear-end collisions are a primary cause of whiplash.

   • Physical Abuse or Assault: Whiplash can result from punches or shaking (seen in shaken baby syndrome).

   • Contact Sports: Football tackles and similar collisions may also lead to whiplash.

3. Complications:

   • Most people recover within a few weeks, but some experience chronic effects:

     • Prolonged Pain: For months or even years.

     • Predictors of Chronic Pain:

       • Intense Initial Symptoms.

       • Rapid Onset of Symptoms.

       • Spread of Pain to the Arms.

       • Risk Factors for Worse Outcome:

         • Previous Whiplash History.

         • Older Age.

         • Existing Low Back or Neck Pain.

         • High-Speed Injury.

4. Diagnosis and Treatment:

   • History and Physical Examination: Key for diagnosis.

   • Imaging:

     • X-rays: Check for fractures and dislocations.

     • MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Identifies spinal cord, disk, or ligament damage.

     • CT Scan: Provides cross-sectional bone images.

   • Treatment:

     • Pain Relievers.

     • Physical Therapy: Aids in preventing chronic pain and disability.

     • Occupational Therapy: Maximizes function and assists with daily activities.

     • Psychotherapy: Helps prevent depression and work-related issues.

     • Speech and Language Therapy: Addresses speech and swallowing difficulties.

 

Remember, seeking prompt medical attention after a car accident, sports injury, or trauma is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective management of whiplash. Consult Dr Chinmoy Roy at Rajarhat Pain Clinic, Newtown Kolkata.